Bagaimana Penggunaan Present Perfect Continuous Tense?

tense

It has been raining. Pelajari situasi berikut:
Is it raining?
No, It isn’t but the ground is wet.
It has been raining.
Have/has been -ing adalah bentu dari present perfect continuous:

I/we/they/you have (= I’ve etc.) been raining.
he/she/it has (= he’s etc) been raining.

Kita menggunakan present perfect continuous untuk kegiatan yang baru berakhir. Ada hubungannya dengan masa sekarang:

  • You’re out of breath. Have you been running? (Anda kelelahan sekarang)
  • Paul is very tired. He’s been working very hard. (Ia kecapaian sekarang)
  • Why are your clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
  • I’ve been talking to Carol about the problem and she thinks that…

** has been raining for two hours**. Pelajari situasi berikut:
It is raining now. It began raining two hours ago and it is still raining.
How long has it been raining?
It has been raining for two hours.

Kita umumnya menggunakan _present perfect continuous tense) dengan cara tersebut, khususnya dengan kata how long, for… dan since…. Kegiatan tersebut masih terjadi (seperti contoh diatas) atau baru berakhir.

  • How long have you been learning English? (Anda masih mempelajari bahasa Inggris)
  • Tim is still watching television. He’s been watching television all day.
  • Where have you been? I’ve been looking for you for the last half hour.
  • George hasn’t been feeling well recently.

Anda bisa menggunakan present perfect continuous untuk kegiatan yang diulang pada suatu periode:

  • Debbie is a very good tennis player. She’s been playing since she was eight.
  • Every morning they meet in the same cafe. They’ve been going there for years.
Referensi

Murphy, Raymond, 1994. English Grammar In Use Second Edition. Press Syndicate: University of Cambridge

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Past Perfect Continuous Tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu tindakan yang dimulai di masa lalu dan berlangsung sampai tindakan lain yang di masa lalu.

Penggunaan :

  1. Durasi tindakan masa lalu sampai titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu juga

  2. Kalimat pengandaian (Conditional Sentence)

If it hadn’t been raining, we would have played football

  1. Kalimat tak langsung (reported speech)

Ann: I was crying

George: Ann said she had been crying. (Ann mengatakan bahwa dia telah menangis)

Rumus


1. Positif (+)

Subject + had + been + verb-ing + object

2. Negatif (-)

Subject + had + not + been + verb-ing + object

3. Kalimat Tanya (?)

Had + subject + been + object ?

Contoh :

(+) He had been living in Jakarta about ten years

(-) He had not been living in Jakarta about ten years

(?) Had He been living in Jakarta about ten years ?

Perbedaan antara Present Perfect Continuous and Past Perfect Continuous adalah :

Present Perfect Continuous mengungkapkan tindakan yang terus berlanjut sampai sekarang sedangkan Past Perfect Continuous tidak.

  1. He has been playing for two hours. (Dia telah bermain selama 2 jam) (dia masih bermain atau baru saja selesai).

  2. He had been playing for two hours when arrived (Dia telah bermain selama 2 jam ketika saya tiba) (sekarang tidak sedang bermain).